Five Brothers and a War

Education in Holland

higher citizens to become successful in industry and trade. Students were able to enter HBS after the 7 th grade, but could also enter after the 8 th grade. MULO diplomas came in two varieties: MULO A and MULO B. The A tract stressed languages, including German, French and English, along with commerce, geography, history and the arts. On the other hand, MULO B had the same base as MULA A, but was enhanced with more math and science (chemistry, biology and physics.) While the HBS schools were not intended to prepare students for university (due to the non-inclusion of the classics), the fact was that the universities accepted HBS diplomas for entry providing that some additional exams were successfully completed. The last HBS diplomas were issued in 1974. Finally, there were the Lyceum or Gymnasium schools, which were the most demanding schools, focusing on all classic disciplines leading to admission to university. These schools were expensive, and therefore reserved for wealthy families whose children were on a path to the medical, legal and other professions.

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